The Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) is a digital cellular communications system. GSM was originally developed in Europe (from the beginning it was denoted as group special mobile) is now spread around the world. The GSM radio link uses both frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) and...
Cellular Transmitter The Fig. below shows the block diagram of cellular transmitter. It is a low power FM transmitter operating in the frequency range of 825 to 845 MHz. There are 666 3D-KHz transmit channels. Channel 1 is 825.03 MHz, channel 2 is 825.06 MHz and so on up to channel 666 on 844.98 MHz...
A cellular/mobile system provides standard telephone operation by full-duplex two-way radio at remote locations. It provides a wireless connection to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) from any user location within the radio range of the system. The basic concept behind the cellular radio system...
In fiber optic communication, visible light (optical) waves represent the signal to be transmitted. These visible light waves are transmitted through glass fiber. Thus the fiber optic cable transmits light signals from one place to another just like metallic wire carries an electric current. A generalized...
Essentially, a satellite system consists of three basic sections: The uplink The satellite transponder The downlink 1.The uplink model : Fig. below shows the block diagram of a satellite earth station transmitter. The primary component within the section of a satellite system is the earth station transmitter...
Characteristics of Microwave Communications Microwave transmission is weather and frequency dependent. The frequency band of 10 GHz is in the routine use. Microwave communication is widely used for long distance telephone communication, cellular telephones, television distribution and other uses that...
The objective of microwave communication systems is to transmit information from one place to another without interruption, and clear reproduction at the receiver. Fig. indicates how this is achieved in its simplest form. Above 100 MHz the waves travel in straight lines and can therefore be narrowly...
